Egon Schiele. Tarenda yakawanda, nguva shoma

Semwana, Egon Schiele akadhirowa zvakawanda. Kunyanya njanji, zvitima, semaphores. Sezvo ndiko kwaiva kukwezva kwetaundi diki.

Zvinosiririsa, asi madhirowa naEgon Schiele haana kuchengetedzwa. Vabereki vakanga vasingabvumirani nezvinovaraidza zvemwana. Sei chengetedza vana, kunyange mifananidzo ine tarenda, kana mune ramangwana mukomana achava injiniya wechitima?

mhuri

Egon aifarira zvikuru baba vake, asi ushamwari naamai vake hauna kushanda. Akatopenda mufananidzo "Amai Vanofa", kunyange zvazvo amai panguva iyoyo vaiva vapenyu kupfuura vapenyu vose.

Mukomana wacho ainetseka zvikuru apo Adolf Egon, baba vake, akatanga kupenga zvishoma nezvishoma uye akamanikidzwa kuenda kuchipatara, uko nokukurumidza akafa.

The future artist aivewo nehukama hwepedyo nehanzvadzi yake. Haasi kungokwanisa kumira kwemaawa nemukoma wake mukuru, asi vaongorori vanovafungirawo nezvehukama hwemakunakuna.

Pesvedzero yevamwe maartist

Muna 1906, mushure mekupokana nemhuri yake, Egon zvakadaro anoisa tsoka munzira yehunyanzvi hwekugadzira. Anopinda muVienna School, ndokubva atamira kuAcademy of Art. Ikoko anosangana Gustav Klimt.

Yaiva Klimt, uyo akambotaura kuti jaya racho rakanga "ine tarenda yakawandisa", akamuzivisa kumusangano wevanyori veViennese, akamuzivisa kune vashandi uye akatenga mifananidzo yake yekutanga.

Ko tenzi akada chii mukomana ane makore gumi nemanomwe? Zvakakwana kutarisa mabasa ake okutanga, somuenzaniso, "Harbour in Trieste".

Mutsara wakajeka, ruvara rwakashinga, maitiro ekutya. Chokwadi ane tarenda.

Ehe, Schiele anotora zvakawanda kubva kuKlimt. Izvi zvinogona kuonekwa mumabasa ekutanga, asati atanga maitiro ake. Zvakakwana kuenzanisa "Danae" yeimwe uye yechipiri.

Kuruboshwe: Egon Schiele. Danae. 1909 muunganidzwa wega. Kurudyi: Gustav Klimt. Danae. 1907-1908 Leopold Museum, Vienna

Uye mumabasa eSchiele panewo pesvedzero yaOskar Kokoschka, mumwe mutauriri weAustria. Enzanisa izvi zvebasa ravo.

Kuruboshwe: Egon Schiele. Vanoda. 1917 Belvedere Gallery, Vienna. Kurudyi: Oskar Kokoschka. Mwenga wemhepo 1914 Basel Art Gallery

Pasinei nekufanana kwezvinyorwa, musiyano wacho uchiri kukosha. Kokoschka inonyanya kutaura nezve ephemerality uye imwe nyika. Schiele ndeyekuda kwechokwadi, kupererwa uye kushata.

"Mutariri wezvinonyadzisira kubva kuVienna"

Ndiro zita renganonyorwa naLewis Crofts, yakatsaurirwa kumuimbi. Yakanyorwa mushure mekufa kwake.

Schiele akada mushwi uye akapenda kasingaperi nekutya kukuru.

Tarisa mabasa anotevera.

Kuruboshwe: Akagara Mushwi, akazembera magokora. 1914 Albertina Museum, Vienna. Kurudyi: Mutambi. 1913 Leopold Museum, Vienna

Idzo dzinoyevedza here?

Kwete, ivo, kutaura zvinyoro, zvisingafadzi. Vane bony uye vanonyanya kutaura. Asi iyo yakashata, sekudavirwa kwaSchiele, iyo inotamba basa rekuwedzera kunaka uye hupenyu.

Muna 1909, tenzi anoshongedza studio diki uko vasikana varombo vasati vabva zera vanouya kuzomiririra Egon.

Mapikicha akajeka murudzi rwemushutu yakava mari huru yemuimbi - yakatengwa nevaparadzi vezvinonyadzisira.

Nekudaro, izvi zvakaridza hutsinye joke pamuimbi - vazhinji munharaunda yehunyanzvi vakafuratira pachena mutambi. Schiele akaona mune izvi chete shanje dzisina kuvharwa.

Kazhinji, Schiele aizvida zvikuru. Mukurukuri achava mashoko anotevera kubva mutsamba yaakanyorera amai vake: "Munofanira kufara sei kuti makandibereka."

Nyanzvi yakapenda yakawanda yemifananidzo yake, kusanganisira iyo yakanyatsojeka. Kudhirowa kunoratidza, mitsara yakatyoka, yakakanganiswa maficha. Mazhinji mapikicha ega anotakura zvishoma zvakafanana kune chaiye Schiele.

Kuzvimiririra uye mufananidzo kubva muna 1913.

Expressive maguta naSchiele

Murume wacho akanga ari muenzaniso mukuru waEgon Schiele. Asi akapendawo maguta ematunhu. Imba inogona kuratidza, manzwiro? Schiele anogona. Tora zvishoma basa rake "Kumba nerineni ine mavara".

Vanofara, vakasununguka, kunyange zvazvo vatochembera. Uye nehunhu hwakasimba. Hongu, iyi rondedzero ye… dzimba.

Schiele aigona kupa hunhu kumamiriro emudhorobha. Multi-colored linen, tile imwe neimwe yemumvuri wayo, mabhakoni akakombama.

"Zvose zvipenyu zvakafa"

Dingindira rerufu nderimwe leitmotif yebasa raEgon Schiele. Runako rwunonyanya kujeka kana rufu rwava pedyo.

Tenzi ainetsekawo pamusoro pekuva pedyo kwekuzvarwa uye kufa. Kuti anzwe mutambo wepedyo uyu, akawana mvumo yekushanyira makiriniki ezvechikadzi, uko panguva iyoyo vana nevakadzi vaiwanzofa panguva yekusununguka.

Kufungisisa panyaya iyi kwaiva mufananidzo "Amai uye Mwana".

Iri ibasa rinotendwa kuti rinoratidza kutanga kwechimiro chitsva chaSchiele. Zvishoma zveKlimtovsky zvicharamba zviri mumabasa ake.

Magumo asingatarisirwi

Mabasa akanakisa eSchiele anozivikanwa semifananidzo apo muenzaniso wemunyori aive Valerie Neusel. Heino mufananidzo wake wakakurumbira. Uye imwe yevashoma inokodzera kutariswa nevaya vasati vava nemakore gumi nematanhatu.

Muenzaniso Egon "akakwereta" kubva kuKlimt. Uye akakurumidza kuva muzinda wake navatenzikadzi. Mifananidzo yaValerie yakashinga, haanyara uye…ine rwiyo. Musanganiswa usingatarisirwi.

Asi asati aunganidza, Schiele akaparadzana natenzikadzi wake kuti aroore muvakidzani wake - Edith Harms.

Valerie akaenda kubasa kuRed Cross apererwa. Ikoko akabatwa nescarlet fever ndokufa muna 1917. 2 makore mushure mekurambana naSchiele.

Egon paakaziva nezverufu rwake, akachinja zita remufananidzo "Murume neMusikana". Pairi, ivo vanoratidzwa pamwe chete naValerie panguva yekuparadzana.

Zita idzva rokuti "Rufu neMhandara" rinotaura zvakajeka pamusoro pekuti Schiele akanzwa aine mhosva pamberi peaimbova tenzikadzi wake.

Asi kunyange nemudzimai wake, Schiele akanga asina nguva yekunakidzwa nemufaro - akafa ane pamuviri kubva kuSpain furuwenza. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Egon, kwete ane rupo zvakanyanya nemanzwiro, akashungurudzika nekurasikirwa. Asi kwete kwenguva refu.

Mazuva matatu chete gare gare, muSpain mumwe cheteyo akagumisa upenyu hwake. Aingova nemakore 28 chete.

Nguva pfupi asati afa, Schiele akapenda mufananidzo we "Mhuri". Pairi - iye, mudzimai wake uye mwana wavo asati aberekwa. Zvichida akafanoona kufa kwavo kwakanga kwava pedyo ndokutora chisingazombovipo.

Mugumo unosuruvarisa uye usingafungiri! Nguva pfupi izvi zvisati zvaitika, Klimt anofa, uye Schiele anotora chigaro chisina munhu chemutungamiri weViennese avant-garde.

Ramangwana raiva nechivimbiso chikuru. Asi hazvina kuitika. Mutambi aive ne "tarenda rakawandisa" akange asina nguva yakakwana ...

Uye pakupedzisa

Schiele anogara achizivikanwa - aya maitiro asiri echisikigo, anatomical details, hysterical line. Haana kunyara, asi nehuzivi hunonzwisisika. Zvimiro zvake zvakashata, asi zvinomutsa manzwiro akajeka muoni.

Murume uyu ndiye akazova munhu wake mukuru. Uye njodzi, rufu, eroticism ndiyo hwaro hwerangano.

Achinzwa pesvedzero yaFreud, Schiele pachake akava kurudziro yevanyori vakadai saFrancis Bacon naLucian Freud.

Schiele akasiya nhamba inokatyamadza yemabasa ake, achibvumikisa nomuenzaniso wake amene kuti makore 28 ose ari maviri mashoma zvikuru uye akawandisa.

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Mufananidzo mukuru: Egon Schiele. Self-portrait nemaruva emwenje. 1912 Leopold Museum, Vienna.