"The Goldfinch" naFabricius: mufananidzo wenyanzvi yakakanganwa

"Iye (Fabricius) akanga ari mudzidzi weRembrandt uye mudzidzisi weVermeer ... Uye iyi kanivhasi diki (mufananidzo "Goldfinch") ndicho chisungo chisipo pakati pavo."

Quote kubva kuna Donna Tartt's The Goldfinch (2013)

Pamberi pekubudiswa kwebhuku raDonna Tartt, vanhu vashomanana vaiziva muimbi akadaro saFabricius (1622-1654). Uye kunyanya mufananidzo wake muduku "Goldfinch" (33 x 23 cm).

Asi kwaiva kutenda kune munyori kuti nyika yakarangarira tenzi. Uye akatanga kufarira mufananidzo wake.

Fabricius aigara muNetherlands muzana remakore rechiXNUMX. AT Golden Age yeDutch Painting. Panguva imwe cheteyo, akanga ane tarenda zvikuru.

Asi vakamukanganwa. Vatsoropodzi vehunyanzvi ava vanozviona sechiitiko chakakosha mukuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi uye guruva zvimedu zvinopeperetswa kubva kuGoldfinch. Uye vanhuwo zvavo, kunyange vanoda unyanzvi, vanoziva zvishoma nezvake.

Sei izvi zvakaitika? Uye chii chakakosha nezve iyi diki "Goldfinch"?

Chii chisingawanzoitiki "Goldfinch"

Chigadziko cheshiri chinosungirirwa pamadziro akareruka, asina chinhu. Goldfinch inogara pamusoro pebhawa. Ishiri yesango. Cheni inosungirirwa pamakumbo ayo, iyo isingabvumiri kuti ibve zvakanaka.

Goldfinches yaifarirwa kwazvo muHolland muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX. Sezvo vaigona kudzidziswa kunwa mvura, yavainhonga neladle duku. Zvaifadza vaenzi vakabhowekana.

Iyo "Goldfinch" yeFabricius ndeyezvinonzi fake pendi. Vakanga vakakurumbira zvikuru panguva iyoyo muHolland. Zvaivawo zvekutandara varidzi vemufananidzo. Fambisa vaenzi vako neiyo 3D maitiro.

Asi kusiyana nemamwe manomano mazhinji enguva iyoyo, basa raFabricius rine musiyano wakakosha.

Tarisa shiri. Chii chinoshamisa paari?

Yakapamhamha, isina hanya shamhu. Vanoratidzika kunge vasina kunyatsodhonzwa, izvo zvinogadzira fungidziro yeminhenga.

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, pende yakasvibiswa zvishoma nemunwe, uye pane zvishoma zvinooneka mavara epende ye lilac pamusoro uye pazamu. Zvese izvi zvinogadzira mhedzisiro ye defocusing.

Pashure pezvose, shiri iyi inonzi mhenyu, uye nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero Fabricius akasarudza kuinyora kunze kwekutarisa. Sokunge shiri iri kufamba, uye kubva pane ichi chifananidzo chakasvibiswa zvishoma. Sei usingadaro impressionism?

Asi zvino ivo vaisaziva nezve kamera uye nezve mhedzisiro yemufananidzo zvakare. Nekudaro, iyo muimbi intuitively akanzwa kuti izvi zvaizoita kuti chifananidzo chive mhenyu.

Izvi zvinosiyanisa zvikuru Fabritius kubva kune venguva yake. Kunyanya avo vane hunyanzvi hwekunyepedzera. Ivo, pane kudaro, vaiva nechokwadi chokuti zvinhu chaizvoizvo zvinoreva zvakajeka.

Tarisa kune yakajairika hunyengeri hwemuimbi Van Hoogstraten.

Kana tikaswededza pedyo nemufananidzo, kujeka kunoramba kuripo. Kurova kwese kwakavanzwa, zvinhu zvese zvinonyorwa zvinyoro uye nekuchenjerera.

Chii chinonzi Fabricius

Fabricius akadzidza muAmsterdam pamwe Rembrandt 3 years. Asi akakurumidza kugadzira manyorero ake.

Kana Rembrandt aifarira kunyora mwenje parima, ipapo Fabricius akapenda rima pachiedza. "Goldfinch" munyaya iyi ndiyo mufananidzo wake.

Musiyano uyu pakati pemudzidzisi nemudzidzi unonyanya kuoneka mumifananidzo, iyo mhando iyo Fabricius aive asiri pasi peRembrandt.

Kuruboshwe: Karel Fabricius. Self-portrait. 1654 National Gallery yeLondon. Kurudyi: Rembrandt. Self-portrait. 1669 Ibid.

Rembrandt aisada masikati machena. Uye akasika nyika yake, yakarukwa kubva kune surreal, kupenya kwemashiripiti. Fabricius akaramba kunyora nenzira iyi, achida chiedza chezuva. Uye akarigadzirazve nounyanzvi zvikuru. Ingotarisa iyo Goldfinch.

Chokwadi ichi chinotaura zvakawanda. Mushure mezvose, kana iwe ukadzidza kubva kuna tenzi mukuru, anozivikanwa nemunhu wese (kunyangwe akazivikanwa), une muedzo mukuru wekumutevedzera mune zvese.

Ndizvo zvakaitawo vadzidzi vakawanda. Asi kwete Fabricius. "Kusindimara" kwake kunotaura chete nezvetarenda rakakura. Uye nezvekuda kuenda nenzira yako.

Chakavanzika chaFabritius, iyo isiri tsika yekutaura nezvayo

Uye zvino ini ndichakuudza izvo vatsoropodzi vehunyanzvi vasingafarire kutaura nezvazvo.

Zvichida chakavanzika chesimba rinoshamisa reshiri iri mukuti Fabricius aive ... mutori wemifananidzo. Hungu, mutori wemifananidzo wezana ramakore rechi XNUMX!

Sezvandatonyora, Fabricius akanyora carduelis nenzira isina kujairika. A realist angaratidza zvese zvakajeka: minhenga yese, ziso rese.

Sei muimbi achiwedzera mufananidzo wemufananidzo wakasviba zvishoma?

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Ndakanzwisisa kuti sei akaita izvi mushure mekuona Tim Jenison's 2013 Tim's Vermeer.

Injiniya uye mugadziri akaburitsa nzira yaJan Vermeer. Ndakanyora nezve izvi zvakadzama mune imwe chinyorwa nezve muimbi "Jan Vermeer. Chii chakasiyana tenzi.

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Asi izvo zvinoshanda kuVermeer zvinoshanda kuna Fabricius. Pashure pezvose, akambotama kubva kuAmsterdam kuenda kuDelft! Guta raigara Vermeer. Zvingangodaro, iyo yekupedzisira yakadzidzisa gamba redu zvinotevera.

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Nyanzvi inotora lenzi yoiisa kumashure kwake kuitira kuti chinhu chaunoda chiratidzwe mairi.

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Muiti wacho pachake, ari parwendo rwekutenderera, anotora kuratidzwa mulenzi negirazi uye akabata girazi iri pamberi pake (pakati pemaziso ake necanvas).

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Inotora ruvara rwakafanana negirazi, kushanda pamuganhu pakati pemucheto wayo uye canvas. Pakarepo iyo ruvara rwakasarudzwa zvakajeka, ipapo zvinooneka muganhu pakati pekuratidzira uye canvas inonyangarika.

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Ipapo girazi rinofamba zvishoma uye ruvara rweimwe micro-chikamu chinosarudzwa. Saka zvese nuances zvakatamiswa uye kunyange defocusing, izvo zvinogoneka kana uchishanda nema lenzi.

Muchokwadi, Fabricius aive ... mutori wemifananidzo. Akatamisa fungidziro yelenzi kune canvas. Haana kusarudza mavara. Handina kusarudza mafomu. Asi akashanda nounyanzvi nematurusi!

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Vatsoropodzi vemifananidzo havafariri fungidziro iyi. Mushure mezvose, zvakawanda zvakataurwa pamusoro pemuvara wakajeka (uyo muiti wemifananidzo asina kusarudza), pamusoro pemufananidzo wakasikwa (kunyange mufananidzo uyu uri wechokwadi, wakanyatsobudiswa, sekunge wakatorwa mifananidzo). Hapana anoda kudzorera mazwi avo.

Zvisinei, havasi vose vanokahadzika pamusoro peiyi pfungwa.

Mutambi ane mukurumbira wemazuva ano David Hockney ane chokwadi chekuti vazhinji veDutch masters vakashandisa lenzi. Uye Jan Van Eyck akanyora yake "The Arnolfini Couple" nenzira iyi. Uye zvakatonyanya Vermeer naFabricius.

Asi izvi hazvisi kukanganisa hunyanzvi hwavo. Mushure mezvose, iyi nzira inosanganisira kusarudzwa kwekuumbwa. Uye unofanira kushanda nependi nounyanzvi. Uye havasi vese vanogona kuendesa mashiripiti echiedza.

Rufu runorwadza rwaFabricius

Fabricius akafa zvinosuruvarisa pazera remakore 32. Izvi zvakaitika nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakazara kupfuura simba rake.

Muchiitiko chekurwisa kwakamwe kamwe, guta rega rega reDutch raive nechitoro chepfuti. Muna October 1654, pakaitika tsaona. Warehouse iyi yaputika. Uye pamwe naro, chetatu cheguta.

Fabricius panguva ino aishanda pamufananidzo mu studio yake. Mamwe mabasa ake mazhinji aivepowo. Akanga achiri muduku, uye basa racho rakanga risati ratengeswa zvakanyanya.

Mabasa gumi chete ndiwo akasara, sezvaaive panguva iyoyo mumaunganidziro ega. Kusanganisira "Goldfinch".

Dai kusiri kwekufa kwakangoerekana kwaitika, ndine chokwadi chekuti Fabricius angadai akaita zvimwe zvakawanda zvakawanikwa mukupenda. Zvichida angadai akakurumidza kuvandudza unyanzvi. Kana kuti zvimwe zvingadai zvakaenda zvakasiyana. Asi hazvina kushanda...

Uye Fabritius 'Goldfinch haana kumbobiwa kubva mumiziyamu, sezvinotsanangurwa mubhuku raDonna Tartt. Inorembera zvakachengeteka mugalari yeThe Hague. Pedyo nemabasa aRembrandt naVermeer.

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