Joan Miro. Artist-detembi

"Ndinoedza kushandisa mavara semashoko anoumba nhetembo." Joan Miro

Joan Miro is abstractionism uye surrealism mubhodhoro rimwe. Yakarungwa nemazwi uye magirafu. Shamwari Pablo Picasso и Salvador Dali, akakwanisa kusagara mumumvuri wavo. Gadzira yako yakasarudzika maitiro.

The ramangwana muimbi akaberekwa muBarcelona muna 1893. Joan akaratidza kufarira kutora kubva paudiki. Asi vabereki vakasimba vakanga vakatsunga kupa mwanakomana wavo dzidzo yakakomba.

Pazera remakore 17, Joan, pakusimbirira kwababa vake, anowana basa somubatsiri weakaunzi.

Basa rinotyisa, risina basa rekugadzira rakava nemigumisiro yakaipa pahutano hwaJoan. Kurwisana nemamiriro ekuneta kwekutya, anorwara ne typhus.

Zvakatora Joan gore rose kuti arapwe uye apore pahosha yacho. Vabereki havachatauri maonero avo kumwanakomana wavo. Uye pakupedzisira anonyura akananga mune art.

Kutanga kunoshanda. Fauvism uye Cubism

Murume wechidiki anonyanya kufarira zvemazuva ano. Akanyanya kukwezvwa kuFauvism uye Cubism.

Fauvism inoratidzirwa nekutaura uye "musango" mavara. Mumiriri akajeka weFauvism - Henri Matisse. Cubism chifananidzo chakareruka chechokwadi, kana mufananidzo wakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvejometri. Pano Miro akafurirwa zvikuru naPicasso.

Kuruboshwe: Henri Matisse. Goldfish. 1911 Pushkin Museum im. A.S. Pushkin, Moscow. Kurudyi: Pablo Picasso. Violin. 1912 Ibid. art-museum.ru.

Miró anopa mifananidzo yake yekutanga kune runako rweCatalonia. Panzvimbo dzake pane minda yekuzvarwa, minda inorimwa, misha. Musanganiswa unoshamisa weFauvism uye Cubism.

Mu "Village Prades" unogona kuona zviri nyore zvese Matisse uye Picasso. Uyu haasati ari Miro watinoziva. Achiri kuzvitsvaga.

Uye veruzhinji havana kunyanya kumuziva. Kuratidzwa kwake kwekutanga muna 1917 kwakakundikana zvinosiririsa. Sezviri pachena ipapo Spain inochengetedza yakanga isati yagadzirira hunyanzvi hwakadaro. Mashoko omumwe mutsoropodzi ane chokuita naMiro akasvika kwatiri: “Kana uku kuri kupenda, ini Velazquez".

nhetembo realism

Miro akafunga kuchinja zvakanyanya maitiro ake. Zvekuti unoshamisika. Nekuti muimbi akatanga kushanda nemusambo wedetembo.

Anopenda nzvimbo, akagadzirwa zvakanyatsonaka uye zvakadzama. Asi haisi yemifananidzo. Iko hakuna hutatu-dimensionality uye yakatsetseka shanduko kubva kuchiedza kuenda kumumvuri. Pane zvinopesana, chifananidzo chakati sandara. Uye chinhu chiri chose chinoratidzika kuva chine upenyu hwacho chimene.

Pendi yaMiró inonyanya kuzivikanwa muchimiro ichi ndiyo The Farm.

Chokwadika, kuva wechokwadi kwakadaro kwakanga kusiri nyore. Miró akashanda pakupenda kwemaawa masere zuva rega rega kwemwedzi 8. Basa rakatengwa naErnest Hemingway ne9 francs. Kubudirira kwekutanga, zvinhu zvinosanganisira.

Kuzvitora kwake kwekutanga kwechinyorwa kunonyorwawo nenzira yedetembo rechokwadi. Isu tinoona kuunyana kwese uye kukwenya kwese pahembe yemuimbi.

Asi munyori wemifananidzo sezviri pachena akanzwa magumo. Uye akasarudza kuti munyika yake akanga asina kumwe kukura.

abstract surrealism

Muna 1921, Miró akatamira kuParis, kwaakasangana uye akanyatsosangana nevapanduki. Uye Miro ari kuchinja maitiro ake kechitatu. Zvechokwadi, pasi pesimba re surrealism.

Ari kuwedzera kubva pakutsanangura kuenda kune kutamiswa kwemanzwiro uye zvenyama. Miro inosanganisa chaiwo uye abstract mafomu. Denderedzwa, madonhwe, zvinhu zvakaita segore. Sezvakaita mufananidzo "Musoro wevarimi veCatalan".

"Musoro weCatalan Peasant" ndeimwe yemifananidzo yaMiró yainyanya kuzivikanwa panguva iyoyo. Iye pachake akatsigira makuhwa ekuti akawana kurudziro kubva mukufungidzira kwake. Izvo zvakaitika kwaari muSpain pamusoro pemamiriro enzara.

Asi zvakanga zvisina kudaro. Tinoona mitsetse yakajeka inogadzira mufananidzo. Zvose zvakarongwa. Neimwe nzira, kunyatsoita kwakadaro hakuenderani zvachose nekutaura kusina musoro kwemunhu asingazivi.

Mumakore mamwechete, mufananidzo we "Harlequin Carnival" wakagadzirwa.

Haufungi here kuti yakafanana neFarm? Murwi wakafanana wemashoko anogona kufungwa kwemaawa. Idzi chete ruzivo rwakanaka, mumweya wesurrealism.

Miro akauya panzvimbo imwe chete, achingowedzera fashoni surrealism. Uye ruzhinji rweFrance rwakazvifarira. Pakupedzisira kwakauya kubudirira. Vanotaura nezvake, vanomuratidza semuenzaniso, vanomutarisa.

Muna 1929, Joan Miro anoroora. Ane mwanasikana. Anotsigira mhuri yake zvizere nebasa rake. Izvi pakupedzisira zvinomuyananisa nevabereki vake. Ndiani akaziva kugona kwemwanakomana wavo semuimbi.

Kubva muna 1936 kusvika muna 1939 makanga mune kurwisana kwevanhu vomunyika imwe chete muSpain. Muimbi anopindura kune izvi zviitiko nemabasa maviri: iyo monumental "Reaper" (ikozvino yakarasika) uye "Ndichiri Hupenyu neShangu Yekare".

Zvinhu zvakajairika zvinoratidzwa mukupenya kusiri kwechokwadi, sekunge mugadziri akakwanisa kuvatora panguva yerufu.

Uye panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, Miró akagadzira yake yakakurumbira Constellation series. Pakatouya kubudirira pasi rose. Anonyanya kuzivikanwa nemapoka enyeredzi aya. Mavari, iyo yakareba yakasimbiswa "Farm" inoonekwawo.

Kuenderera mberi nemiedzo

Joan Miro haana kugumira kune abstract surrealism. Akaramba achiedza. Mamwe ebasa rake anotoenzaniswa naro Paul Klee, mumwe mumiririri ane mukurumbira wemazuva ano.

Kuruboshwe: Joan Miro. Kwayedza. 1968 Private collection. 2queens.ru. Kurudyi: Paul Klee. Maruva matatu. 1920 Paul Klee Center muBern, Switzerland. Rothko-pollock.ru.

Kutaura zvazviri, mabasa aya ane zvishoma zvakafanana. Mavara makuru emavara muchimiro Gauguin. Asi zvimwe zvese zvakasiyana. Miro fantasizes. Iwe unofanirwa kuedza zvakanyanya kuti uone mambakwedza chaiwo mu "Dawn" yake. Asi Klee anonyanya kutaura. Tinogona kuona maruva zvakajeka.

Pakupera kweHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, Joan Miro akaziva chiroto chake chekare cheunyanzvi hunoshamisa: anogadzira madziro emadziro muresitorendi yeHilton Hotel.

Miro-muvezi

Parizvino, basa raMiro rinogona kuonekwa pasi rose. Muchimiro chezvivezwa zvinoshamisa. Sokunge yakagadzirwa nevatorwa.

Vanonyanya kuzivikanwa ndivo "Mukadzi neShiri" muBarcelona uye "Miss Chicago" muU.SA.

Kuruboshwe: "Mukadzi neshiri". 1983 Joan Miro Park muBarcelona. Ru.wikipedia.org. Kurudyi: Miss Chicago. 1981 Downtown Chicago Loop, USA. TripAdvisor.ru.

Izvi, zvechokwadi, zvivezwa zvakakura, chimwe nechimwe chiri pasi pe20 m. Miro anewo zvivezwa zvidiki, 1,5 hurefu hwevanhu. Kufanana ne "Character" semuenzaniso. Makopi emunyori wake anogonawo kuonekwa pasi rose.

Muna 1975, Joan Miro Foundation yakavhurwa, iyo ikozvino inogara 14 mabasa natenzi.

Ini ndinofunga Miro aive mumwe wevashoma maartist enguva dzese akakwanisa kuona pfungwa dzake dzese. Kunyange zvazvo akaramba achishanda kusvikira zuva rokupedzisira roupenyu hwake hurefu.

Mutambi uyu akafa muna 1983 kumba kwake kuPalma de Mallorca aine makore makumi mapfumbamwe.

Joan Miro muRussia

Miziyamu yeRussia haina kutenga mabasa ake. Saka, basa rimwe chete "Composition", rakapiwa muna 1927 nemuimbi pachake, rinochengetwa muRussia.

Mazhinji emabasa ake ari mumiunganidzwa ega ega, ayo dzimwe nguva anowanikwa kune veruzhinji. Asi zvakadaro, kudzidza basa rake, zviri nani kuenda kuSpain neFrance.

Ngationei muchidimbu

- Joan Miró mumwe wevamiriri vakajeka vemazuva ano. Pamwe chete naPablo Picasso uye Paul Klee.

- Chimiro chaMiro chachinja zvakanyanya kakawanda. Mune izvi ndiye wechipiri chete kune multifaceted Picasso. Zvakakwana kutarisa chirongwa chakafanana mumakore akasiyana. Somuenzaniso, kuva amai.

Kuruboshwe: Humai. 1908 Marasel Museum, Spain. Kurudyi: Amai. 1924 National Gallery yeScotland, Edinburgh. Rothko-pollock.ru.

- Joan Miro anowanzo kutorwa se surrealist. Ane mabasa akawanda umo musoro wacho usingaenderani nemufananidzo. Imwe nzira yaidiwa yeva surrealists.

Uye mazita pachawo haana musoro, asi anodetemba zvikuru. "Kunyemwerera kwemapapiro anopfuta" ...

- Miro ndomumwe wevashoma maartist akaravira kubudirira uye mukurumbira munguva yehupenyu hwavo. Nhaka yake ihombe. Basa rake richiri kutengeswa kazhinji mumaokisheni.

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Mufananidzo mukuru: Joan Miro. Self-portrait. 1919 Picasso Museum, Paris. autoritratti.wordpress.com.