Chicano Tattoos: Midzi, Cultural References, uye Artists

1. Management
2. Styles
3. Chicano

Gwaro iri reChicano tattoos rinotarisa mabviro enhoroondo, mareferensi etsika, uye maartist akagonawo hunyanzvi.

Payas, maruva akasvibira, Mhandara Maria uye akaomesesa marozari ndizvo zvinhu zvekutanga zvinouya mupfungwa kana iwe uchifunga nezveChicano tattoos. Uye kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti izvi ndizvo zvimwe zvezvinhu zvikuru zvechimiro, ichi chikamu che tattoo chine kudzika sevamwe. Kubva munhoroondo yeLos Angeles kusvika kuzvinyorwa zvekare zveAztec uye kunyange mifananidzo yeRoman Catholic, gwara iri rekunyora tattoo reChicano rinotarisa kwete chete midzi yenhoroondo, mareferensi etsika nemagariro, asiwo maartist akagona basa racho.

Iyo Historical Midzi yeChicano Tattoo

Toni dzakapfava dzegrey inotsikirira nzira yekuenzanisira kune yakawanda yeChicano tattoo kufamba. Tichifunga midzi yake mukudhirowa kwepenzura uye bhora, hazvishamisi kuti zvine chimiro, dhizaini inosanganisa matekiniki aya netsika dzakapfuma zvinoshamisa. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakawanda vachiziva basa raFrida Kahlo naDiego Rivera, mamwe maartist akadai saJesu Helguera, Maria Izquierdo naDavid Alfaro Siqueiros vavewo vari pamberi pekugadzira unyanzvi hweMexico. Basa ravo, pamwe chete nemamwe maartist ekuSouth America, akanyanya kunangana nekuratidza kukakavara kwezvematongerwo enyika, kumiririra mhuri, uye mifananidzo yehupenyu hwemazuva ese. Kunyange zvazvo mabasa aya angaite seasiri kure nematatoo echiChicano emazuva ano, zvidzidzo zvekufananidzira uye nzira dzekufananidzira dzinosanganisa realism pamwe nesurrealism zvimwe zvinotsanangura kuti sei huzhinji hwemazuva ano hweChicano art huine chimiro chakasiyana chahunozivikanwa.

Sezvinoita nekufamba kwakawanda kwehunyanzvi, aesthetics uye matekiniki anogona kukweretwa, asi chii chakakosha nezve iyi tattoo maitiro itsika uye yapfuura kumashure kwayo; Chicano artists vane simba rehuzivi uye zvematongerwo enyika nhaka. Nenhoroondo inosanganisira radicals yakadai saFrancisco Madero naEmiliano Zapata, hazvishamisi kuti kubva kuMexican Revolution kusvika kuPachuco tsika yepakutanga 1940s uye mberi, zvinyorwa zvemagariro nezvematongerwo enyika uye zviito zvakave nemigumisiro yakakura pakudhirowa kweChicano kwemazuva ano. Kunyangwe makore ekuma40 asati asvika, apo vechidiki vekuMexico vekuAmerica uye nhengo dzedzimwe tsika diki dzakashandisa Zoot Suits kuratidza kusagutsikana kwavo nezvematongerwo enyika nezvematongerwo enyika eAmerica, kutaura kwehunyanzvi hwekunyora kwaiwanzoshandiswa sechishandiso chinoshanda. Mafrescoes aiwanzo shandiswa mukukurukurirana kwe dialectical nezve mutemo wehurumende uye hurumende.

Cultural References muChicano Tattoos

Chikonzero chakawanda cheiyo Chicano tattoo chimiro chinonzwa chakavanzika ndechekuti ndizvo. Vatami vakabva kuMexico vachienda kunzvimbo dzeTexas neCalifornia vakamanikidzwa kusarurwa nerusaruraganda, rusarura uye rusarura. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvakakonzera kurwisana kunotyisa kwevagari vemo, zvairevawo kuti tsika dzavo dzaidzivirirwa uye dzakachengetedzwa kwezvizvarwa nezvizvarwa. Sezvo kutama kwakakwira kubva kuma1920 kusvika kuma1940, pwere zhinji dzeChicano dzakarwisana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Muna 1943, izvi zvakazoguma nemhirizhonga yeZoot sutu yakakonzerwa nerufu rwemurume wechidiki weSpanish muLos Angeles. Izvi zvingaita sezvisingakoshi kumashure kweChicano tattoo style, asi iyi yakanga isiri yekutanga uye kwete yekupedzisira yekudzvinyirirwa kwekutaura kwetsika. Hachisi chakavanzika kuti kunetsana uku kwakawanda kwakakonzera kusungwa, izvo zvaiwanzokonzerwa nekudzvanyirira kwevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika. Iyi shanduko yezvematongerwo enyika pasina mubvunzo yakave nemhedzisiro yeChicano aesthetic.

Mushure mekufa kwepachuco subculture, hupenyu muLos Angeles hwakachinja. Vana vaitengesa masutu avo eZoot kuitira crisp khakis nemabandanas uye vakatsanangura patsva zvairehwa nekuva Chicano kuchizvarwa chavo. Maitiro eStylistic akabuda ayo akafurirwa zvakananga nehupenyu kuseri kwemabhawa. Vachishandisa zvinyoro zvishoma zvavaive nazvo mutirongo kana kuti barrio izere neLos Angeles landscape, maartist akakwevera kurudziro kubva muzviitiko zvehupenyu hwavo. Zviratidziro zvehupenyu hwechikwata, vakadzi vakanaka, mota dzakapfava dzine filigree lettering, uye michinjikwa yeKatorike yakakurumidza kushanduka kubva pamifananidzo inodhonzwa nemaoko sengehengechepfu yakashongedzwa nepeni yakashongedzwa nerineni inonzi Paños kune mifananidzo yeChicano tattoo. Vasungwa vacho vakashandisa ungwaru hwokugadzira muchina wokuita nyora wokuzvigadzirira kumba uye, vachishandisa ingi nhema kana yebhuruu chete yavaiwana, vanoratidza zvavainyanya kuziva. Kufanana nevanhu vazhinji vane shungu nehunyanzvi hwekutema nyora, hunyanzvi uhu hwaishandiswa senzira yekuve nemuviri, yekutaura, uye kuratidza kuva pedyo kuzvinhu zvaive pedyo.

Muchokwadi, kuomarara kweChicano tattoo iconography kwakabatikana munhoroondo yekusagadzikana kwemadzinza uye kusununguka kunofambira mberi zvekuti zvinogona kunetsa kune vekunze kuti vanzwisise. Nekudaro, chikamu chakakosha chetsika yeWest Coast zvekuti mazhinji ezvekuwedzera maficha akatorwa neruzhinji nzanga, zvichiita kuti iwanike uye kufarirwa zvakanyanya. Mafirimu akaita seMi Vida Loca uye magazini yepasi pevhu Teen Angels anosanganisa mweya wesitaera ungangodaro wakatorwa kubva kumhirizhonga yakapfuura asi chaive chigadzirwa cherudo nechido. Kuvhurwa kwezvitoro zvakaita seNguva Yakanaka Charlie's Tattooland uye maartist saFreddy Negrete, vakatanga nharaunda yeLos Angeles Chicano kubva kuma70s kusvika parizvino, vakaunza aesthetics pamberi penharaunda yetattoo. Cholas, Payasas, Lowriders, zvinyorwa, misodzi inomiririra vakarasika: zvose izvi nezvimwe zvakawanda zvave zviri mararamiro anoratidzwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeunyanzvi, kusanganisira Chicano tattoos. Aya madhizaini anopindirana zvakanyanya nevanhu munharaunda nekuti ivo vanofemerwa zvakananga nenhoroondo yavo, nhoroondo yavo. Chiratidzo chesimba remifananidzo iyi ndechekuti kusvika uye kuzivikanwa kwerudzi urwu kunoramba kuchikura.

Chicano tattoo iconography

Sezvinoita kune yakawanda tattoo iconography, mazhinji eChicano tattoo dhizaini pfungwa akakosha. Mazhinji eaya magadzirirwo epakati akabatanidzwa nezvikamu zveChicano tsika. Ma Tattoo ane vadzikisi, imwe tsigiro yekupera kwema1940s uye 50s yaipokana nerunako rwechiRungu, gomba mabhuru, madhayisi uye madhiri emakadhi, taura nemararamiro eLos Angeles. Ma tatoo anoratidza cholos nevacheche vavo "drive or die" mamwe magadzirirwo anowanzo sanganisa kutenda kwevasungwa tsika dzemotokari nekushuvira mudiwa wavo kunze. Zvichida Payasas, zvinoreva kuti "clown" muchiSpanish, ndeimwe yemifananidzo yakakurumbira mumutauro uyu. Zvichifemerwa nemasiki anoshamisa uye anosetsa avanowanzofanana nawo, mapikicha aya anoreva kuenzana kwekutambudzika uye mufaro muhupenyu. Izwi rokuti "Smile now, cry later" rinowanzoenderana nemabasa aya. Mwoyo Dzvene, Mhandara Maria, Madehenya eShuga, Maoko Anonyengetera uye nezvimwe zvose mifananidzo yakakweretwa kubva mudura rezvinyorwa zveRoman Catholic zviratidzo nevatsvene; chitendero ichi chinozivikanwa zvikuru muNorth America, uye inenge 85% yevanhu vokuMexico vanozviita vari voga.

Tattoo artists paChicano Tattooing

Mazhinji ma tattoo maartist anoshanda muChicano tattoo chimiro chikamu chenharaunda yeChicano ivo pachavo. Pane chinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza nekuremekedza nhaka inoita kuti kugoverwa kunetse; zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kutevedzera mifananidzo kana pasina kunzwisisa kwechokwadi uye kubatana kwemunhu. Nekudaro, madhizaini akapararira munhoroondo yekutema tattoo zvekuti maartist mazhinji akagona kunaka uye ari kubatsira kuchengetedza nekuparadzira ichi chikamu chakakosha chetsika yetattoo. Chuco Moreno, Freddy Negrete, Chui Quintanar naTamara Santibanez vari kumberi kwechizvino Chicano tattooing. Senge mune chero nzira yehunyanzvi, muimbi wega wega anogona kushanda mukati meiyo stylistic iconography, ichipa iyo yakawanda yemunhu kubata. Kubva pane nhema uye grey realism kusvika kumifananidzo yegraphite uye kunyangwe iyo American yechinyakare Chicano maitiro, Chicano tattoo chimiro chinosanganisa akawanda maficha etsika yetattoo mune yakanaka dhizaini yehunyanzvi uye zvinoonekwa. Mamwe maartist ane chimiro chakasiyana anosanganisira Freddy Negret, Mister Cartoon, El Whyner, Panchos Placas, Javier DeLuna, Jason Ochoa naJose Araujo Martinez. Kunyange zvazvo vazhinji veava ma tattoo artists vasinganyatsoomerera kune imwe kana imwe, zviri pachena kuti mumwe nemumwe anokoshesa tsika yavo uye ruzivo. Izvi zvinonyatsooneka mubasa ravo rinoremekedzwa zvikuru.

Zvakaoma kufunga nezveChicano tattoos pasina zvese zvenhoroondo, zvezvematongerwo enyika uye zvehuzivi. Zvakawanda zvebasa renhoroondo uye zvemagariro nezvematongerwo enyika rakagadzirwa munguva yakapfuura richiri zvinokatyamadza zvakakosha nhasi. Asi ndicho chikamu chezvinoita kuti chimiro chinakidze. Tsika yacho yakaratidzirwa zvinoyevedza kuburikidza neiyi art fomu uye inoramba ichipesvedzera vanhu pasirese.

By Justin Morrow