Gemstone aquamarine - ruvara uye zvivakwa

Aquamarine ibwe remhuri yeberyl, semaradhi. Zita rinobva kuLatin, kubva kuAqua Marina, zvinoreva mvura yegungwa, nekuda kwebhuruu-ruvara rwegirinhi. Kunyangwe zita ratinoshandisa nhasi rakatanga kushandiswa naAnselmus de Boudt muna 1609 mubasa rake re gemological. Gemmarum et Lapidum Historiia. Iyo inoratidzirwa ne dichroism, kureva, maviri-mavara. Ichi chivakwa chinobvumira kuti ruvara ruchinje kubva mubhuruu kuenda rusina ruvara zvichienderana nekutarisa kwekristaro pakatarisana nenzvimbo isiri-simbi. Iyi iminerari yakaoma, pachiyero cheMohs inofungidzirwa pa7,5-8 points. Iyo ine hunyoro hwakadzikama, yakatenderedza 2.6 g/cm³, zvichienzaniswa ne ~ 3.5 g/cm³ yedhaimondi uye ~4.0 g/cm³ yeruby. Kufanana nedhaimani, rinoiswa mugiredhi nokuda kwekucheka, ruvara, uremu, uye kujeka. Irwo ruvara rwe aquamarine rwakakosha zvakanyanya. Mutengo webwe unonyanya kuenderana neizvi. Kazhinji ine ruvara rwebhuruu, uye ruvara rwayo rwunosiyana kubva pagirinhi kusvika pagirinhi-girinhi. AgeMushure mekugaya, aquamarines mazhinji anodziyirwawo kusvika ku400-500 degrees Celsius. Saka vanowana ruvara rwavo rwebhuruu, nokuti mumasikirwo ane rima rakasvibirira kana bhuruu-ruvara rwegirinhi. Maminerari ebhuruu akasviba anokosha zvikuru. Muvara wemaminerari unoenderana nehuwandu hwehutsvina hwemasimbi esimbi. Zvinowanzoitika kuti yakakura iyo aquamarine, iyo yakanyanya kusimba ruvara. Mamwe aquamarines ane inclusions, mhepo inoputika, kana inclusions yemamwe maminerari akadai sebiotite, pyrite, hematite, tourmaline. Dzimwe nguva dzakaoma kuona neziso, asi dzinoderedza kukosha kwebwe. Inofungidzirwa kuti inonyanya kukosha ndeyakasviba blue aquamarines. Matombo ebhuruu anorema anopfuura 10 carats uye anonyanya kukosha mbishi zvinhu.

Wystepowania akwamarynu

Iyo yakakura hexagonal makristasi, kureba kwayo kunogona kusvika mita imwe. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chakanakisa pakukuya. Mari dzayo huru dziri muAfghanistan, Africa, China, India, Pakistan, Russia neSouth America. Chicherwa ichi chinonyanya kucherwa kuBrazil, asi chinowanikwawo kuNigeria, Madagascar, Zambia, Pakistan, neMozambique. MuPoland inowanikwa mumakomo eKarkonosze. Mienzaniso yakakosha zvikuru yakawanikwa uye yakacherwa muMadagascar. Kunyanya nekuda kweruvara rwebhuruu rakasviba. Aquamarine inowanikwa zvakanyanya mumatombo egranitic, kunyanya mu pegmatites uye hydrothermal matombo. MuPakistan, semuenzaniso, aquamarine inocherwa pahupamhi hwemamita 15, inova zviuru zvina nehafu mamita. Zvisinei, mugodhi unozivikanwa zvikuru weaquamarine uri muBrazil, mudunhu reMinas Gerais mudunhu reCeará. Ikoko ndiko kuti mazhinji emaminerari anoshandiswa muzvishongo anocherwa.

Zvishongo zveAquamarine

Iyo inotonhorera uye yakadzikama ruvara rweaquamarine inotaridzika yakakura muchimiro chechero ruvara rwegoridhe. Mhete dzeAquamarine dzichasimbisa ruvara rwemaziso, aquamarine pendant ichashongedza mitsipa yese, uye mhete ye aquamarine ichagutsa kunyange mukadzi anonyanya kuda. Zvishongo zveAquamarine zvinofarirwa nemhuri yehumambo hweBritain. Mambokadzi ane seti yakakwana, tiara, necklace uye mhete. Iyo inozivikanwawo yaive seti yemushakabvu Lady Diana, mhete, mhete uye tiara. Ibwe rinozivikanwa kubva kare. Yakagara ichikosha, uye nhasi hazvisi izvo. Iri idombo rinodiwa. Iyo yakajairika nhanho kucheka, ipapo oval, uye ipapo detachable. Zvechokwadi, kuchekwa kwakatenderera kwakajeka kunoshandiswawo. Ndiwo maitiro (kusanganisira kuomarara) kweiyi mineral inoita kuti zvikwanise kuita bvunzo dzakasiyana nechimiro. Kare muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX BC, maGiriki nevaRoma vakagadzira intaglios kubva mairi, i.e. mabrooches ane marine motifs, sezvo, maererano nengano, akabatsira munzendo dzegungwa, asi zvakanyanya pane izvo pazasi. Zvishongo zveAquamarine zvakare zviri nyore kwazvo kuchenesa. Zvakakwana zvinodziya, asi kwete mvura inopisa, izvi zvakakosha zvikuru. Uye sipo yemvura yakapfava. Zvisinei, marudzi akasiyana-siyana ebvudzi rebvudzi, mapefiyumu, uye mamwe makemikari emumba anofanirwa kudzivirirwa, sezvo aquamarine inogona kunge yakaoma, asi makemikari ayo anopikisa anogona kunge akaderera.

Aquamarine uye topazi yebhuruu - kusiyana

Aquamarine uye topazi yebhuruu matombo maviri ebhuruu-ruvara anonyanya kushandiswa muzvishongo. Iwo akafanana zvikuru kune mumwe nemumwe, uye zvakaoma zvikuru kuvasiyanisa neziso rakashama. Aquamarine, zvisinei, inokosha kupfuura topazi yebhuruu, saka zvakakosha kuziva kuti ungaziva sei. Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi hazvisi nyore, uye chokwadi ndechokuti ibwe rinonyatsoratidzwa kune nyanzvi yekuongorora maonero. A gemologist akanaka achakurumidza kuziva kana ari kubata neaquamarine kana topazi. Nekudaro, kana isu tisina iyo sarudzo, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvekungwarira. Nhamba yezvinyorwa - pasi pegirazi rinokudza 10x, tinogona kuona tsvina yakawanda mu topazi kupfuura mu aquamarine. Rudzi - aquamarine ine zvinyoro zvinyoro zvegirini toni, topazi inongove yebhuruu. Iwe unogonawo kufunga nezvemitsara yerefraction, mu aquamarine haifaniri kuonekwa, kana ukaona maviri, iyi topazi, uye chengetedza kupisa kwebwe. Aquamarine haiiti kupisa. Asi izvi zvinoda midziyo yakakodzera.

Aquamarine - Chiito uye Ngano

Iri dombo rinotendwa kuchengetedza vafambisi vezvikepe uye zvakare kuvimbisa rwendo rwakachengeteka. Naizvozvo, intaglios, mabrooches ane marine motifs akagadzirwa. Iyo yakadzikama yebhuruu kana yebhuruu-girini hue yeaquamarine inonzi inonyaradza hunhu, ichibvumira mutakuri kuti arambe akadzikama uye akadzikama. MuMiddle Ages, vazhinji vaidavira kuti kupfeka aquamarine kwaiva mushonga wechepfu. VaRoma vaidavira kuti kuveza datya muchidimbu che aquamarine kwaizobatsira kuyananisa misiyano pakati pevavengi uye kuita shamwari itsva. Chaive chipo chemuchato chakanakisa. Kutenda kuti inofananidzira rudo rwakareba uye kubatana, yakapiwa kune vakaroorana. VaSumer, vaEgipita, uye vaJudha vaiyemura aquamarine, uye varwi vakawanda vaiipfeka muhondo, vachifunga kuti yaizovagonesa kukunda. Vafambisi vezvikepe vaidavira kuti aya matombo anokosha anopenya, eruvara rwemvura aibva kunzvimbo inochengeterwa mari yemhashu. Ndosaka vachiti zvinounza rombo rakanaka kune wese anofamba mumakungwa. Inounzawo rudo, hutano uye simba revechidiki kune avo vanoripfeka. Iri idombo rerombo kune avo vakazvarwa munaKurume uye rakafanirwawo kupa kune 16th uye 19th ekuzvarwa. Aquamarine ibwe rakanaka kutenga chero chiitiko, asi kunyanya sechipo kune avo vakazvarwa munaKurume kana vane rudo rwerudo. Aquamarine yakambozivikanwa naSt. Thomas, nokuti akanga akaita segungwa nemhepo, uye St. Thomas akaita rwendo rwechipiri nomumakungwa nomumakungwa kuenda kuIndia kunozivisa ruponeso. Mumazuva iwayo, zvaive zvakakurumbira kuzivisa ichi kana icho dombo nemumwe wevaapositori gumi nevaviri.Aquamarine powder yakashandiswa semushonga, sezvo yakabatsira mukurapa kwemarudzi ose ezvirwere. Ainyanya kubatsira mukurapa zvirwere zvemaziso. maererano nevamwe marines inogona kunyaradza mhino dzinomhanya uye kusawirirana kweganda, kubvisa kutema kwemusoro, kana kushanda pakurwisa hosha yemwoyo. William Lagnland akanyora muna 1377 kuti ndiyo yaive mushonga wakakwana wechepfu, kunyangwe pasina kukuya dombo. Yakanga yakakwana kuipfekedza paganda.

aquamarines anozivikanwa.

MuBritish Museum muLondon kune kristaro yebhuruu-girinhi muchimiro cheprism isina kukwana, yakajeka, inorema 110,2 kg. Kirasi diki, inorema 61 kg, yakawanikwa muBrazil padhuze neBelo Horizonte, uye Museum of Natural History muNew York ine 4438-carat faceted zai-yakaita sainzi. Tsvimbo yaStanisław August Poniatowski, inoratidzwa paRoyal Castle muWarsaw, yakagadzirwa munenge muna 1792, ine matanda matatu akakwenenzverwa emuaquamarine, akabatanidzwa kune rimwe nerimwe nemhete dzegoridhe dzakaita semhete. Princess Diana, Mambokadzi Elizabeth nevamwe vakadzi vazhinji vane zvishongo zveaquamarine muunganidzwa wavo.

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