» Decoration » Ruby idombo dzvuku

Ruby idombo dzvuku

Yakatumirwa na:
Updated:

Ruby idombo dzvuku

Rubin ndeimwe yematombo ekare epasirese, mashoma uye anoremekedzwa zvakanyanya, anowanzo kunzi "mambo wematombo". Zita rokuti Ruby rinobva pashoko rokuti "rubeus", rinoreva "tsvuku" muchiLatin. MuSanskrit yekare, ruby ​​​​yakashandurwa se "ratnaraj", zvinoreva "mambo wematombo anokosha." Kana isu tichitsvaga dombo dzvuku rakanaka, ruby ​​​​isarudzo yakakwana. Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo, kusimba, kupenya uye kushomeka, ndiro dombo rinodiwa zvakanyanya kwete revakadzi chete asiwo nevarume. 

Ruby idombo dzvukuruby properties

Ruby ndiyo mhando tsvuku ye corundum. Sezvo ruby ​​​​nesafire zvakafanana mune zvese zvivakwa kunze kweruvara, ruby ​​​​inogona kunzi isafire tsvuku. Nekudaro, nekuda kwerunako rwayo uye kukosha kwenhoroondo, iyo ruby ​​​​yakagara yakarongedzerwa sedombo rayo pachayo. Zvipfumbamwe pachiyero cheMohs zvinoreva kuti ruby ​​​​(corundum) ndeyechipiri kune dhaimondi mukuoma. Ruby, sesafire, inoratidzirwa nepleochroism (chiitiko chekuchinja kwemavara zvichienderana nekona yechiitiko chechiedza) uye luminescence. Inclusions inowanikwa mumarubhi inoratidza kwakabva ibwe. Semuenzaniso, Burmese rubies ane pfupi rutile tsono. Ruby crystallization inoenderera muhwendefa, bipyramidal kana tsvimbo-yakaita fomu ine hexagonal base.  

Sei ruby ​​​​iri tsvuku?Ruby idombo dzvuku

 Sezvaunoziva, corundum iminerari isina ruvara. Ichi chiwedzere muchimiro chechromium element. inoita rubies tsvuku. Iyo yakawanda yechinhu ichi, iyo yakanyanya kusimba iyo ruvara ruchave. Mukuwedzera, iyo ruby ​​​​fluorescence inokonzerwawo nechromium, iyo inoita kuti ruvara ruve nesimba. Chinhu chakajairika chinowanikwawo mumarubhi isimbi. Zvinosuruvarisa, zvakanyanya, zvishoma kupenya kwebwe uye kusviba kwemavara. Chikonzero cheizvi ndiko kuvapo kwehuwandu hwesafiro uye rubies. Isimbi "inovandudza" ruvara rwebhuruu rwesafire, asi panguva imwechete inoderedza kusimba kweruby ​​ruvara rutsvuku.  

Ruby ruvara uye mutengo

Ruby idombo dzvuku

Iyo inonyanya kukosha hunhu hweruby ​​inokanganisa mutengo wayo, hongu, ruvara. Rudzi rweruby ​​runosiyana kubva kune dzvuku rakajeka kusvika kune rakasviba dzvuku dzvuku. Iyo inonyanya kukosha uye inodiwa ruvara iropa rakadzika dzvuku rine zvishoma bluish tinge. Izvi zvinonzi Burmese kana "" (pigeon blood).  Marubhi anofanirwa kuve nekujeka kwakanaka kuti ave akakodzera dombo rinokosha. Ehe, kupenya kwedombo zvakare kwakakosha zvikuru, asi ruby ​​​​crystals matte isati yapenya. Chete chakakodzera chekucheka, chingave chakatarisana, chinopa rubhi kupenya chaiko, uye zvinhu chete zvinowanikwa muzvisikwa zvinopa ruvara. Mitengo yemarubhi akanaka chaiwo yakasvika $100 per carat. Kana iri mutengo, ruby ​​​​imwe yematombo mashoma ayo kukosha kwayo kunogona kuwedzerwa nekubatanidzwa kwakakodzera. Diki rutile roller skates inogona kuratidza chiedza nenzira yekuti nyeredzi ichaonekwa padombo.  

Kuitika kwemarubhi - kupi kwaanonyanya kucherwa?Ruby idombo dzvuku

 Ruby inonyanya kuwanikwa muAfghanistan, Cambodia, India, Kenya, Madagascar neSri Lanka, pamwe nePakistan, Tanzania neThailand. Zvinosuruvarisa, rubies pamusoro pe5 carats haawanzowanikwi, uye rubies pamusoro pe10 carats zvakanyanya, zvisingawanzoitiki. Nekuda kwekuti ruby ​​​​nesafire ndeye corundum, kuitika kwavo kwakafananawo. Iwo anowanzo kuwanikwa mumatombo emetamorphic, muzvikamu zvemarble. Zvinoonekwawo mumatombo ebasalt, asi ayo anobva pamatombo aya ane tsvina yakawanda yesimbi kupfuura yematombo emarble, zvichiita kuti asanyanya kukosha nekuda kwe "uglier" ruvara. Munzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose unogona kuwana rubies ane akasiyana tsvuku saturations, zvisinei, hazvibviri kutaurira nemuvara kuti ruby ​​​​inobva kunzvimbo ipi yenyika, nokuti mune imwe nzvimbo inogona kuva nechikamu chikuru cheruby ​​. makristasi. Zvisinei, maBurmese rubies anoonekwa seanonyanya kukosha, uye aripo kuti rubhii ane ruvara rwe "pigeon blood" inowanzoonekwa. 

Ruby jewelry nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa padombo iri

Ruby idombo dzvuku

Iyo ruby ​​​​yagara iri chiratidzo cherudo uye chishuwo.Nokudaro, hazvishamisi kuti ruby ​​​​zvishongo zvakakurumbira zvikuru. Sezvaunoziva, ruby ​​​​ibwe rinokosha, saka rinofanirawo kusanganiswa nesimbi inokosha. Ndarama yero, goridhe chena, rose goridhe kana platinamu - ese aya masimbi anosanganisirwa zvakanaka nered corundum. Zvindori zverubhi zvisina kujairika kana mhete dzeruby ​​chipo chechero chiitiko, uye marubhi makuru ane huwandu hushoma hwekubatanidzwa anogona kukosha mamirioni emadhora. Iyi yakanaka tsvuku corundum inochekwa nenzira yakafanana nedhaimondi, asi kazhinji kuwanda kwebwe ndiko "pasi" kwebwe, saka ruby ​​​​yehuremu humwe huchaita sediki pane dhaimondi. Iyo inowanzoonekwa neinopenya yakatenderera yakachekwa. Ruby ndiro dombo rakakwana rekupfeka kwemazuva ese.zvisinei, mamwe mashoko anofanira kuchengetwa mupfungwa: dzivisa kusangana nemakemikari uye usafumura kune tembiricha yakakwirira. Ruby mhete kana zvimwe zvishongo zveruby ​​zvinofanirwa kucheneswa nebhurashi remazino rakapfava uye nyoro ine sipo mvura. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa ultrasonic cleaner kune zvakanakisa mhedzisiro. Mukuwedzera kune zvishongo, marubhi anoshandiswa mukugadzira wachi, kugadzira mabheji ekurinda. Iwo anoshandiswawo kugadzira zvinhu zvezvishandiso zvekuramba, uye nekuda kweiyo yakaderera coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa uye kuomarara kwakanyanya, anoshandiswawo mu mandrels emakina ekuyeresa ekuyeresa.  

Ngano uye kuporesa zvinhu zverubyRuby idombo dzvuku

Nekuda kwemavara matsvuku erima iyo ruby ​​​​yakagara ichibatanidzwa nehupenyu uye simba. Inotendwa kuwedzera simba, kuziva, ushingi, hupfumi, mufaro murudo uye dziviriro muhondo. Inofananidzirawo kubudirira. Ruby inonyanya kukoshesa munyika dzeAsia. Yakatengeswa pamwe neNorthern Silk Road muChina kutanga kwa200 BC. Vakuru vokuChina vakashongedza nhumbi dzavo dzokurwa nemarubhi, sezvavaidavira kuti dombo iri raizodzivirira muhondo. Vakavigawo marubhi pasi penheyo dzezvivakwa kuti ivo nemhuri dzavo vafare. VaHindu vekare vaidavira kuti vaizoberekwazve semadzimambo kana vaizopa rubhi kuna mwari Krishna. Muzvitendero zvechiHindu, mwoto waibvira namarubhi wakapisa zvikuru kwazvo zvokuti waigona kufashaidza mvura. Ngano dzechiGiriki dzakati kupisa kwerubhi kunogona kunyungudutsa wakisi. Varwi veBurma vakaisa rubhi mumiviri yavo kuti avape dziviriro nesimba. Tsika zhinji dzakayemurawo ruby ​​​​sechiratidzo cherudo uye chido, dombo rinokosha rinomutsa pfungwa, rinowedzera simba rakanaka, uye rinovimbisa hutano, hungwaru, hupfumi, uye kubudirira murudo. Ruby ndiyo chipo chakanakisisa kune avo vakazvarwa munaJuly, pamwe chete neavo vakazvarwa pasi pechiratidzo cheAries, uye nokuda kwekupembererwa kwe15 uye 40 yemuchato wemakore. Rubies ave achionekwa seyakakwana yekushongedza muchato, chipo chinomiririra kubudirira. Maererano nevakawanda vanofarira mune imwe nzira yekurapa, ruby ​​​​inogona kubvisa marwadzo mumusana, kusimbisa mwoyo, kukurudzira kutenderera kweropa kana kubvisa kuneta kwemaziso.

Marubhi akakurumbira uye makuru

Ruby idombo dzvuku32.4 mamiriyoni emadhora - iyo mari iyo ruby ​​​​yakatengeswa. Dombo rinorema 25.59 carats, inova $1,266,901 per carat. Okisheni iyi yakaitika muna Chivabvu 12 2015 uye yakatipa mutengo mutsva wedombo reruvara.

Nyeredzi ruby, cabochon yakachekwa (yakadzika pasi, convex chikomo) - Rosser Reeves nyeredzi inorema 138,72 carats, inowanikwa muSri Lanka. Parizvino iri kuMuseum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution) muWashington.

Ruby idombo dzvuku

Elizabeth Taylor akambopihwa ruby ​​​​uye mhete yedhaimani. (mufananidzo kurudyi) Chipo chemutambo kubva kuna Richard Burton naHarry Winston vakagadzira masiripa akanaka mukukudza makore makumi mashanu emufirimu "The Wizard of Oz". (mufananidzo uri kuruboshwe) Ehe, munhu haagone kutadza kutaura Princess Mary wekuDenmark, ane tiara yakanaka zvinoshamisa ine rubies uye inoshamisa ruby ​​​​necklace.

Synthetic rubies, kureva kuti, maitiro akaenzana emarubhi.

Synthetic ruby, iyo inogona kushandiswa muindasitiri yezvishongo, yakatogadzirwa pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX nerechiXNUMX. Izvi zvakaitwa neFrench chemist Verneuil, uyo, zvisinei, akavimba nekutsvakurudza kwevatungamiri vake. Sezvo nekugadzirwa kwesafire yekugadzira, kune nzira dzakawanda. Makambani mazhinji ane nzira dzawo dzaanochengetedza uye dzisingaburitse chero munhu. Nekudaro, kugadzirwa kwesynthetic ruby ​​​​kunogona kukamurwa kuva marudzi maviri enzira. Kugadzirwa kweFusion, umo chinhu chehupfu chinopisa kusvika kumvura yemvura uye yobva yasimba kuita fomu recrystalline. Rudzi rwechipiri rwenzira kugadzirwa kwe "solution" panodiwa alumina, isina ruvara, uye chromium, inopa ruvara. Alumina uye chromium zvinonyungudutswa mune imwe zvinhu uye zvinoiswa pasi pekristaro. Nzira dzeVerneuil neChochralski ndiyo nzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira rubi kubva muhupfu. Zvose nzira yekukura kwehydrothermal uye nzira yekukura kwekuyerera ndiyo nzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwe "solution".

Ruby idombo dzvukuSynthetic ruby ​​​​- mutengo

Verneuil's "flame melting" nzira inogadzira marubhi akachipa, anoshandiswa mumabhengi kana muzvishongo zvakachipa. Nzira yeChochralski, inonzi Pulled Ruby, inoshandiswa kune lasers, uye inotora mutengo we $5 pa carat. Flux Growth rubies inodhura zvakanyanya se $ 50 per carat uye inoshandiswa muzvishongo, nepo nzira yehydrothermal, isingawanzoitiki, inoshandiswa mumashandisirwo mumaindasitiri umo makristasi akacheneswa anodiwa.

Nzira yekusiyanisa sei synthetic ruby ​​​​kubva kune yakasikwa?

Nzira iri nyore, hongu, iri pasi pe microscope, iyo icharatidza kwatiri maitiro emhando ye inclusions, mabhuru uye mitsetse. Nezvishandiso zvakakodzera, gemologist yakanaka haizongokwanisa kutaura mutsauko pakati pedombo rekugadzira uye dombo rechisikigo, asi zvakare ichakwanisa kutaura kuti ndeipi chikamu chenyika dombo rinobva, kana riri rechisikigo, kana ne inzira ipi yakasikwa, kana iri yakasikwa. synthetic. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti marubhi ekugadzira ane maitiro akafanana kana akafanana zvikuru nematombo echisikigo. Chisikwa hachizombogadziri dombo rakakwana, saka kana isu tichibata neimwe chete uye mutengo wacho unoyevedza kwazvo, chenjerera uye funga kuti ibwe rekugadzira.  

Tarisa zvedu muunganidzwa weruzivo nezvese matombo anokosha inoshandiswa muzvishongo

  • Dhaimondi / Dhaimondi
  • Rubin
  • amethiste
  • Aquamarine
  • Agate
  • ametrine
  • Sapphire
  • Emerald
  • Topaz
  • Tsimofan
  • Jadeite
  • morganite
  • howlite
  • Peridot
  • Alexandrite
  • Heliodor