Maori Tattoos: Yakadzama Sumo kune Yetsika Nhaka uye Zvinorehwa neMaori Tattoos.

Kusvika pakuziva nhoroondo yema tattoos chaiwo kwakakosha mukutsvaga iyo yakakwana tattoo dhizaini. Kwakabva tattoo, kwayakaita tsika nenhoroondo, uye zvazvinoreva zvinogona kupesvedzera sarudzo, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakugovaniswa kwetsika uye nyaya dzakafanana maererano netsika dzemavara.

Maori tattoos ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa tattoo dhizaini. Zvisinei, vazhinji havatombozivi kuti tattoos yavanoita ndeye tsika netsika, uye, vasingazivi nezvemashoko anokosha akadaro, vanoita chiyero chetsika. Vamwe, kunyangwe vachiziva ma tatoo echiMaori, vachiri kuwana magadzirirwo etsika uye vanoti varidzi, izvo zvinoderedza tsika netsika dzeMaori.

Sezvineiwo, vanhu vakawanda vari kuwana ruzivo rwakawanda pamusoro pemhando dzakasiyana dzema tattoo pamwe nekwakabva ma tatoo chaiwo echinyakare. Nekudaro, panogara paine chimwe chinhu chekudzidza, saka takasarudza kupinda mune zvakadzama nezve kwakabva tsika uye zvinoreva Maori tattoos. Saka, pasina imwezve ado, ngatitangei!

Maori Tattoo: Yakazara Tattoo Guide

Kutanga

Maori tattoos, anonzi moko tattoos, imhando yeunyanzvi hwechiso uye hwemuviri hwakatangira kuNew Zealand. Mazana emakore kusati kwasvika vafambi vekuEurope, vanhu veMaori vaizivikanwa sevarwi uye vadziviriri venyika yavo, kazhinji vakanyora nyora pachiso chavo uye mumuviri kuratidza kuzvipira kwavo uye chido chekudzivirira nyika yavo nedzinza, pamwe chete nechinzvimbo chavo, chinzvimbo uye hurume. . .

Vanhu veMaori vaiwanzova vabati vehove, vafambisi vezvikepe uye vafambisi vezvikepe vane hunyanzvi. Vaivawo neunyanzvi mukugadzira zvikepe, kurima zvirimwa, kuvhima mhuka nezvimwewo.

Ehe, vaMaori vaive netarenda rinoshamisa pakutema tattoo. Ma tatoo eMoko anotendwa kuti anobva kungano dzeMaori uye nyaya yamambokadzi wepasi Niwareka nemukomana anonzi Mataora.

Nivareka akashungurudzwa naMatora, ndokuzomusiya ndokudzokera kunyikadzimu. Mataora akasarudza kuenda kunotsvaka Nivareki; mukati merwendo, chiso chake chakanga chakazorwa nependi, uye chimiro chake chose chakaiswa mukusekwa kukuru. Kunyange zvakadaro, Mataora akawana Nivareka, uyo akabvuma ruregerero rwake. Sechipo, baba vaNivareki vakadzidzisa Mataoru kugadzira ma tatoo emoko kuitira kuti pendi yaive kumeso kwake isazoputika zvakare.

Kubva pane iyi nyaya, zvinogona kutsanangurwa kuti vanhu veMaori vaiita mamwe marudzi ehunyanzvi hwemuviri kare pamberi pechinyakare cheMoko. Vakawanda vanodavira kuti tsika yokupenda chiso nemuviri yakapararira kubva kune zvimwe zvitsuwa zvePolynesia.

Nyika yakadzidza nezvevanhu veMaori nekuda kwevaEurope. Zvisinei, uyu wakanga usiri musangano wakabudirira wetsika mbiri dzakasiyana. VaEurope, senguva dzose, vakaona mukana wekutora nyika yeNew Zealand, pamwe chete nevanhu veMaori. Zvisinei, panguva ino vaEurope vakafadzwa nechitarisiko cheMaori, zvikurukuru nokuda kwemavara avo kumeso nemuviri. Rudo rwavo rwakanga rwakasimba zvokuti vakatanga kuuraya vanhu vechiMaori ndokuendesa misoro yavo kumusha sezviyeuchidzo. Vanhu veMaori vakatozomanikidzwa kurega kudzidzira ma tatoo emoko nekuda kwekutya "vavhimi vemabounty" vachena.

ukoshi

Kana zvasvika kune zvinoreva moko tattoos, ivo vanowanzomiririra chimwe chezvinhu izvi; chinzvimbo, chinzvimbo, rudzi, hurume, uye kuvakadzi, chinzvimbo uye chinzvimbo. Moko tattoos kazhinji inomiririra kuzivikanwa kweanopfeka pamwe neruzivo rwakakosha nezve chinzvimbo chavo mukati medzinza. Moto tattoos inowanzobva pane imwe tsika yezvinoreva vanhu veMaori, iyo inomiririrwa ne spiral uye curvilinear mapatani.

Zvichienderana nenzvimbo yemoko tattoos, anogona kuve nezvirevo zvakasiyana uye zviratidzo. Semuyenzaniso;

Kunyangwe kushamwaridzana kwakawanda kwemoko tattoos nekutyisidzira uye hutsinye, sezvatinoona, zvinoreva ma tattoos aya haagone kupfuura izvo. Aya ma tatoo anonyanya kushandiswa kubatsira kuziva uye kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha nezvemunhu wechiMaori nekungoatarisa.

Tattoos inzira yekuzivikanwa, kunyanya kana vanhu vakasangana kekutanga. Izvi hazvisati zviri izvo izvo vaMaori vanoshandisa nokuda kwehasha nokutyisidzira, sezvinowanzodavirwa, nemhaka yemavambo avo emadzitateguru uye mararamiro ekare, uye manzwisisiro azvaiitwa nevanhu vokuMadokero.

Vanhu vokuEurope vaiwanzodavira kuti vaMaori vakanyora nyora dzechiso nemuviri wavo, zvichida kutyisidzira muvengi muhondo kana kuti kukwezva vakadzi. Kune zvakare dudziro dzemoko tattoos sechiratidzo chehondo, cannibalism uye zvepabonde. Ehe, vanhu vazhinji pavakadzidza nezveMaori, ndipo patainzwisisa zvakanyanya tsika nemagariro echiMaori, pamwe nemashure uye zvinoreva ma tatoo emoko.

Nehurombo, kunyangwe nanhasi, vamwe vanhu stereotype Maori tsika uye moko tattoos. Nekudaro, kuri kukura kugamuchirwa kweakasarudzika uye anofema ma tattoos emoko kunoratidza kuti isu senzanga tiri kutanga sei kuremekedza tsika dzevamwe vanhu uye kwete kungoshandisa tsika yavo zvisina hanya nekuiisa pamiviri yedu nekuda kwekuve netattoo inotonhorera.

Moko tattoos haingori muunganidzwa wemitsara yakasanganiswa kuita inonakidza pateni. Aya ma tatoo anomiririra munhu, nhoroondo, tsika, tsika, seti yezvitendero, nezvimwe.

Moco's Modern Identity

Moko, anowanzonzi matattoo edzinza mazuva ano, akapesvedzerwa mutsika nedudziro dzazvino uno uye kugoverwa kwetsika, zvikurukuru nevokuMadokero. Pasinei nekuziva uye ruzivo rwuripo nekungodzvanya kamwe chete, vamwe vanhu havasati vaziva nezveMoko neMaori vanhu, kana kungoshaya nemaune kukosha kwetsika dzeMoko.

Nehurombo, vanhu vasina hukama nemadzinza eMaori vachiri kuwana ma tatoo emoko uye vachiri kushandisa ma tatoo emoko mufashoni uye dhizaini kuratidza "kubatanidzwa uye kugamuchira vaeni kubva kutsika dzakasiyana."

Semuyenzaniso, muna 2008/2009, mugadziri ane mukurumbira wekuFrance Jean Paul Gaultier akashandisa mhando dzisiri dzeMaori dzine ma tatoo emoko kusimudzira kuunganidzwa kwake kwazvino. Sezvingatarisirwa, vazhinji vaiona sarudzo iyi yemamodheru ichigumbura zvakanyanya, kunyanya pamufananidzo apo modhi wakamira akagara nemakumbo ake akatambanudzwa.

Gauthier zvino akaedza kuzvitsanangura amene nokutaura kuti akawana tsika yechiMaori yakaisvonaka uye yechienzi uye kuti aizoda kuti vanhu vomunyika yake vazive runako rumwe cheterwo (sezviri pachena kupfurikidza nokuhaya mienzaniso isiri yeMaori muzvipfeko zvake namagirazi). Ngativei chaizvo; Moko mune ino mamiriro ingori mutero kune fashoni uye nzira yekukwezva kutarisa kweveruzhinji.

Uyezve, dambudziko rinomuka kana New Zealand iine Maori Arts Council ine basa rekushandiswa kwakanaka kweMaori moko zviratidzo uye hunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi. Dai Gaultier akavabata asati abatanidza moko muunganidzwa wake, ingadai iri nyaya yakasiyana. Asi kwete. Uye fungidzira kuti vaMaori vakanzwa sei nezvazvo; vakanzwa vasingaremekedzi.

Zvino ngatichimbidzirei kumberi ku2022. PaZuva reKisimusi 2021, mutori wenhau weNew Zealand Maori Orini Kaipara akaita nhoroondo nekuva mutsigiri wenhau wekutanga kutambira nhepfenyuro yenyika aine tattoo yemo pachirebvu chake.

Makore makumi maviri kana makumi matatu apfuura zvingadai zvisina kuitika, asi Kaipara akazviita uye akaita misoro yenhau pasi rose. Vanhu vakasvika pakuziva nezvazvo muna Ndira 2022 uye vakataura nezve mabatiro atinoita tsika dzakasiyana uye mazita ekuremekedza, uye ushingi hwaKaipara hwekumira nekuzvikudza pamberi pemakamera.

Saka, mumakore gumi nemashanu, zvakawanda zvakachinja uye, pasina mubvunzo, zvichachinja zvakanyanya. Kukosheswa kwetsika kwakawedzera kukosha mumakore mashoma apfuura uye vanhu vakapedzisira vave nehanya nekutorwa kwetsika kwakajeka, kushaikwa kwedzidzo uye ruzivo rwenhema pamusoro pedzimwe tsika netsika dzadzo, kunyanya kana dzichishandiswa nevanhu vemamwe marudzi netsika.

Chokwadi, vekuMadokero vangave vasina kujaira kune vanhu vane ma tatoo akazara kumeso, uye chokwadi, vangave vachifarira tsika yeMoko, asi izvo hazvipi chero ani zvake kodzero yekungotora tsika yemumwe munhu uye kuishandura kuita inonakidza yedzinza tattoo. Kune vanhu veMaori, ma tatoo avo emoko anoera, chinongedzo kune avo ekare nemadzitateguru, pamwe nekuzivikanwa. Izvi hazvifanirwe kunge zviri zvemunhu tattoo chirongwa kana vanhu veMaori vachishuvira kuchengetedza tsika yavo.

Moko dhizaini tsananguro

Kuti unzwisise zvirinani tsika nemagariro kumashure uye chirevo chemoko tattoos, zvakakosha kuti utarise ma tatoo emoko wega uye kuongorora zvaanoreva.

Hupenyu hwekuruboshwe

Iyi moko tattoo dhizaini yakavakirwa pane iyo Maui ngano. Zvino Maui aive gotwe pahama 5. Amai vaMaui pavakamubereka, vakafunga kuti akanga afa. Akabva acheka bhinzi rake ndokuriputira ndokurikanda mugungwa. Pakupedzisira. Maui akaoneka pamahombekombe apo tohanga (nyanzvi ane ruzivo rweunyanzvi/unyanzvi) akamuwana.

Nomuzvarirwo, tohunga yakasimudza Mauri ndokumudzidzisa mafambiro ake, uyo akakurawo kuti agone hunyanzvi hwakawanda uye hunyanzvi. Zvinotendwa kuti Maui akawedzera mazuva, akaunza moto kuvanhu uye akapotsa ave nechokwadi chekusafa kwevanhu vese. Iyi inowanzova nyaya yekuti Maui akawana sei nyika yeNew Zealand.

Nga Hau E Wah

Yakaturikirwa kuChirungu, Nga Hau E Wha zvinoreva "mhepo ina". Ikozvino iyi moko tattoo dhizaini inomiririra makona mana epasi kana mhepo ina dzakambotaurwa. Kutaura idi, nhau iri shure kwegadziriro yacho ine chokuita nemhepo ina dzinomirira mweya mina inosangana panzvimbo imwe. Vakawanda vanoti kugadzirwa kwemhepo ina kunomiririra vanhu vanobva kumativi mana epasi redu. Sezvo nyaya iri shure kwekugadzirwa uku inotsvaga vamwari vaviri vane simba veMaori, Tavirimatea uye Tangaroa, tattoo inoratidzawo kuremekedza mwari kukura uye kubudirira muupenyu.

Picorua

Picorua zvinoreva "kukura" mumutauro weMaori, asi zvakare zvinoreva "kubatana kwezvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana zvachose" (somuenzaniso, nyika negungwa, sezvazvakabatanidzwa mune yakakurumbira Maori ngano). Iyi ndiyo dudziro yakajairika yezvinoreva izwi, kunyanya nekuda kwekwakabva nyaya yeshoko (pamwe nekwakabva tattoo dhizaini).

Nhoroondo yemabviro emunhu mutsika yeMaori yakabatana naRanginui naPapatuanaku, avo vanofungidzirwa kuti vanga vari pamwe kubva kare. Vanowanzonzi Rangi naPapa, vanoonekwa mungano yokusika yekubatana uye kupatsanurana, uko Rangi aiva baba vokudenga uye Papatuanuku aiva amai vepasi.

Iyo tattoo inoratidza nzira yehupenyu uye kuti "nzizi dzese dzinotungamira kugungwa", inova dimikira yekuti isu tese, muzuva redu, tinodzokera sei kuna Amai Pasi.

Musha

Timatanga zvinoreva "kutanga, kutanga, nhanganyaya uye kutanga" muChirungu. Te Timatanga tattoo inyaya yekusikwa kwenyika uye kuti vanhu vakaonekwa sei. Ngano yokusika kwaMauri inotevera nyaya yambotaurwa yaRanginui naPapatuanaku, kana kuti Rangi naPapa. Zvino Rangi naBaba vakanga vava nevana vakawanda.

Sezvavaikura, vakavavarira rusununguko rwakakura norusununguko. Tumatauenga, zvikurukuru, akasarudza kuparadzana navabereki vake kuti ave norusununguko rwakawanda, uye hama dzose dzakaedza kutevera ichi chisarudzo, kunze kwaRuamoko, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga achiri mwana muduku. Nokufamba kwenguva, hama dzakatanga kurangana nemhaka yokutevedzera pfungwa iyi kana kuti kuipikisa. Vamwe vakaranga hama nemadutu, uye vamwe nokudengenyeka kwenyika.

Pakazara, iyo tattoo inomiririra izvo vabereki vese vanosangana nazvo; kuchengeta vana kusvikira vasarudza kutanga hupenyu hwavo uye kuparadzanisa nzira dzavo kubva kune dzevabereki vavo.

Zvakajairwa Moco Tattoo Symbols

Maori tattoos haangori mitsetse isina kurongeka uye mapatani, sezvinofunga vanhu vazhinji. Imwe neimwe mutsara patani inomiririra imwe chiratidzo uye inopa rumwe ruzivo. Ngatitarisei zvakanyanya kune akajairika moko tattoo zviratidzo uye zvavanomiririra;

• Mapakeji - iyi pateni inomiririra ushingi uye simba, inofananidzira kune varume tattoos.
• Unaunahi - iyi muenzaniso inofananidzira zviyero zvehove, uye sezvo vanhu veMaori vachizivikanwa sevabati vehove, uye vakasiyana, iyo tattoo design inofananidzira hutano uye kuwanda.
• Hikuaua - Iyi muenzaniso inobva kunharaunda yeTaranaki yeNew Zealand uye inofananidzira kubudirira uye hupfumi.
• Manaya - chiratidzo ichi chinoratidza Manaya kana muchengeti wemweya. Chiratidzo mubatanidzwa wemuviri wemunhu, muswe wehove uye shiri pamberi. The Guardian ndiye mudziviriri wedenga, pasi negungwa.
• Ahu Ahu Mataroa - chiyeuchidzo chemanera, chiratidzo ichi chinomiririra kubudirira, kukunda zvipingamupinyi uye matambudziko matsva muupenyu.
• hey matau - Iyo inozivikanwawo sechiratidzo chehove, Hei Matau chiratidzo chebudiriro; izvi zvinodaro nekuti hove ndicho chikafu chemazuva ese chevanhu veMaori.
• Single torsion schemes - inofananidzira hupenyu nekusingaperi; zvakafanana nechiratidzo chekuMadokero chekusingaperi.
• Kutendeuka kaviri kana katatu - inofananidzira kubatana kwevanhu vaviri kana kunyange tsika mbiri nekusingaperi. Icho chimwe chezviratidzo zvakakurumbira zvekubatana kweMaori; kuburikidza nekukwira nekudzika kwehupenyu, tinotsigirana uye iro ishoko guru.
• Bark - ichi chiratidzo chinotenderera chinoreva kukura, kuwirirana uye kutanga kutsva. Inotorwa kubva mukufananidzira kweshizha refern risina kuvhurika (New Zealand inozivikanwa kuti ine ferns yakaisvonaka, iyo inoita kuti tattoo iyi iwedzere kukosha uye tsika).

Kupfeka moco tattoo

Hazvigoneke kutaura nezve Maori tattoos usingabatike nyaya dzevanhu vasiri maMaori vakapfeka moko. Kukosheswa kwetsika kwakakosha zvakanyanya kana tasvika kune iyi dingindira. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti maMaori tattoos akanaka zvinoshamisa uye saka ma tatoo evasiri maMaori anowanzo kusarudzwa. VekuMadokero vanonyanya kufarira kupfeka matattoo echiMaori uye nguva zhinji havatomboziva zvavanenge vakapfeka, zvinoreva tattoo, uye kuti inotova netsika.

Saka nei iri dambudziko?

Kupfuura izvo zviri pachena, sekupihwa kwetsika, kupfeka tattoo yeMaori seasiri Maori inoratidza kuti mumwe munhu ari kudzikisa yakaoma nhoroondo uye yekufananidzira zvinoreva moko kune yakapfava mutsara kudhirowa isina chekuita newe. Rangarira isu takataura kuti moko tattoos inzira yekuzivikanwa uye kuzivikanwa mutsika yeMauri?

Zvakanaka, izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuti ma tattoos emoko haasi kungoshongedza muviri. Vanoratidza kuti ndiani mumiriri wevanhu veMaori, chii chekare chake chekare, chimiro chake uye nezvimwe zvakawanda. Kunyangwe mamwe ma tattoo echiMaori ari epasirese, mazhinji acho ari ega uye akasarudzika kune dzimwe mhuri. Vakafanana nepfuma yakazvimirira inopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa.

Uye zvino ungazvibvunza; munhu asiri maori anogona kuwana tattoo yeMoko?

Kutanga, vaMaori vanoda kugoverana tsika dzavo. Vanhu vazhinji veMaori havana basa nazvo kana vanhu vasiri vechiMaori vachitora ma tatoo emoko. Nekudaro, aya ma tattoos anofanirwa kuitwa neMaori tattoo artist (uyo anowanzo kupedza hupenyu hwese achidzidza hunyanzvi uhu).

Ava maartist chete ndivo vane kodzero yekugadzira Maori tattoos uye vanonyatsonzwisisa ese Maori chiratidzo nenzira kwayo. Zvikasadaro, vasina kudzidziswa vasiri maMaori tattoo artists vanokanganisa uye vanowanzo shandisa mapatani nemagadzirirwo akasiyana kune dzimwe mhuri dzeMaori nemadzinza (zvakaita sekuba chitupa chavo uye pfuma yavo).

Asi ko kana ndichinyatsoda kutora tattoo yeMaori? Zvakanaka, vanhu veMaori vane mhinduro yakanaka!

Kirituhi chimiro cheMaori tattoo icho chinogona kuitwa neasiri Maori tattoo art kana kupfekwa nemunhu asiri muMaori. "Kiri" muchiMaori zvinoreva "dehwe", uye "tuhi" zvinoreva "kudhirowa, kunyora, kushongedza kana kushongedza nepende". Kirituhi inzira yekuti vanhu veMaori vagovere tsika dzavo kune avo vanoda kudzidza nezvayo, kuzvikoshesa uye kuzviremekedza.

Kirituha tattoos akasiyana kubva echinyakare mako tattoos. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kutendeseka kweMaori tattoos hakuna kuitirwa vanhu vasiri maMaori uye kutendeseka kwemoko kunofanirwa kusimudzirwa, kuzivikanwa nekuremekedzwa.

Saka, kana iwe usiri muMaori uye uchida kutora Maori maitiro tattoo, Kirituhi ndiyo yako. Kana iwe uchida kutora tattoo seizvi, ita chokwadi chekutarisa Kirituha tattoo artists. Iwe unofanirwa kutsvaga muimbi we tattoo akadzidziswa mu moko uye anonyatsoziva mutsauko uripo pakati pe moko ne kirituhi tattoos. Mamwe ma tattoo maartist anoti ari kugadzira Kirituhi asi muchokwadi ivo vari kungotevedzera moko tattoo dhizaini uye kuenzanisa tsika yemumwe munhu.

Mifungo yekupedzisira

Vanhu veMaori vanotamburira zuva nezuva kuchengetedza tsika dzavo netsika. Nhoroondo uye kukosha kwetsika kweMoko kunoratidza tsika yave nemazana emakore uye saka munhu wese anofanirwa kuiremekedza sezvo ichipa ruzivo munhoroondo yevanhu. Ehe, munyika yemazuva ano kune nzvimbo ye moko, asi zvakare nekuda kwerupo rwevanhu veMaori.

Kutenda kune kirituhi tattoos, vanhu vasiri maMaori vanogona kunakidzwa nekunaka kweMaori-style tattoos pasina kuenderana netsika yavo. Ndinovimba kuti chinyorwa chedu chakapa nzwisiso yakadzama mutsika dzetsika uye tsika dzeMaori tattoos. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, shanyira iyo yepamutemo Maori mawebhusaiti, kunyanya kana iwe uri kufunga nezve Kirituha tattoo.