Tubal ligation - chii ichocho, zviratidzo, contraindications, nemigumisiro

Tubal ligation inoonekwa senzira yakachengeteka yekurapa, kushandiswa kwayo kusingafaniri kutyisidzira hutano uye hupenyu hwemukadzi. Sarudzo yenzira iyi ndeyekusunungura mukadzi kubva panjodzi dzine chekuita nedzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira nadzo kubata pamuviri, senge maside effects emahomoni emukanwa, mamanipulations anogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kunhengo yesikarudzi pakuisa IUD, mhete dzepanhengo yesikarudzi, kana kuti mari inoenderana nekugara uchipihwa. kushanya. kunyora mishonga. Tubal ligation inzira ine mukurumbira munyika dzakabudirira zvikuru.

1. Chii chinonzi tubal ligation?

Tubal ligation ndiyo nzira inoshanda kwazvo yekudzivirira kubata pamuviri. Tubal ligation inzira yekuvhiya umo machubhu anochekwa nekusungwa. Zvinozvikanganisa patency ye fallopian tubeskuburikidza iyo zai rakasangana harichagoni kupinda muchibereko. Tubal ligation yakabudirira - iyo Pearl index ndeye 0,5. Dzimwe nguva machubhu e fallopian anovhurika ega, asi aya ndiwo ega ega. Kuvhiyiwa kunoitwa ne laparotomy kana laparoscopy pasi penzvimbo kana general anesthesia.

Tubal ligation inowanzoitika panguva yecaesarean chikamu. Mukadzi anogona kutanga kuita zvepabonde chete mushure mekunge maronda apora, izvo zvinotora inenge mwedzi mitatu. Pamusoro pekushandiswa kwerudzi urwu nzira dzekudzivirira nadzo pamuviri mukadzi anofanira kuita sarudzo achitaurirana nemudiwa wake, uye kubvumirana nemaitirwo acho kunofanira kupihwa nekunyora. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, iyi imhinduro isingachinjiki. rudzi urwu kudzivirira pamuviri inoitwa munyika dzakabudirira zvikuru.

MuPoland, maitiro akadaro haasi pamutemo. Pasi pemutemo weCriminal Code, kunyima munhu kukwanisa kubereka vana kunorangwa nekugara mujeri kwegore rimwe chete kusvika gumi. Ichi chirango chinoiswa kuna chiremba ari kuita chirongwa, kwete kumukadzi anosarudza kuzviita.

Tubal ligation inotenderwa kana iri chikamu chekurapa kana kana nhumbu yakazotevera ichikuvadza hutano hwemukadzi zvakanyanya kana kuisa hupenyu panjodzi.

Izvi zvinogamuchirwawo mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mwana anotevera achave ane chirwere chakakomba chemajini. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, chiremba haakwanisi kuita nzira yacho kunyange pakukumbira kwakananga kwemurwere.

2. Sterilization ipapo uye zvino

Sterilization ine nhoroondo yakareba kwazvo munyika. Sezvineiwo, maitiro aya aiwanzoitwa zvisiri pamutemo, zvichityora rusununguko rwevakadzi, zvichivakuvadza.

Chainyanya kuzivikanwa kwaiva kuvharirwa kwevakadzi varombo nevatema, avo, kana vapikiswa, vaisiiwa vasina rubatsiro rwezvokurapa uye rubatsiro rwezvinhu. Munhoroondo yebudiriro yedu kunewo zviitiko zvekumanikidzirwa sterilization yevanorwara nepfungwa, vasungwa uye vamiriri vemarudzi madiki kuti vabvise. Vaityora kodzero dzevanhu.

Parizvino, sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, kushanda kwakadaro muPoland hakubvumirwi nemutemo, uye kushandiswa kwayo hakusi pamutemo uye kunorangwa nekupfigirwa mujeri. Zvisinei, muU.SA uye nyika dzakawanda dzeWestern Europe (Austria, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Great Britain), nzira iyi inoitwa pakukumbira kwemurwere.

3. Sarudza kana uchifanira kuva netubal ligation.

Sarudzo yekuvhiyiwa tubal ligation ndeimwe yesarudzo dzakaoma kwazvo muhupenyu hwemukadzi. Pane mhedzisiro yakati wandei, nekuti chikamu chikuru chemaitiro hachidzoreki. Mukadzi anofanira kunyatsodzikama uye kuyera zvose zvakanaka uye zvakaipira, ziva zvakakwana kuti mune ramangwana haazokwanisi kuva nevana vane pamuviri. Anofanira kufunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu akasiyana-siyana aanogona kuzviwana ari maari, akadai sekuchinja kwemudiwa uye chido chekuva nevana kubva kwaari, rufu rwemwana. Anofanirawo kufunga nezvedzimwe nzira, dzakadai sokushandisa dzimwe nzira dzokuronga nadzo dzoga.

Zvikonzero zvinonyanya kuita kuti vakadzi vasarudze kuita sterilization ndezvi:

• kusada kuita vana vakawanda kana zvisingabviri kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira kubata pamuviri,
• matambudziko ehutano anogona kuwedzera panguva yekuzvitakura uye kutyisidzira hupenyu hwaamai,
• genetic anomalies.

Kunyange zvazvo vakadzi vachiedza kufunga zvinhu vasati vaita sarudzo yekupedzisira pamusoro pemaitirwo acho, vangangoita 14-25% vanodemba sarudzo yavo. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune vakadzi vanosarudza kuvharwa pazera rechidiki (18-24 yemakore) - vanenge 40% vanozvidemba chisarudzo chavo. Naizvozvo, mune dzimwe nyika kune zvirevo zvekugona kuita sterilization mushure memakore makumi matatu muvakadzi vanotova nevana.

Kune nzvimbo dzakatenderedza pasirese dzinonyanya kudzorera patency ye fallopian tubes, asi idzi dzakaomarara uye dzinodhura maitiro, budiriro iyo isingagone kuvimbiswa. Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kunyatsozivisa mukadzi nezvese zvinogona kuitika zve tubal ligation.

4. Zviratidzo zvekuvhiya tubal ligation.

Pamusoro pekuzvidira sterilization, pane zvakare zviratidzo zvinotarisa kuti ndevapi vakadzi vanofanirwa kuita iyi tubal ligation process. Vanogona kugoverwa mumapoka makuru akati wandei:

• zviratidzo zvekurapa - kuvhara iyo yose spectrum yezvirwere zvemukati uye oncological zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko makuru ehutano kana kunyange hupenyu hunotyisa apo mukadzi anova nepamuviri. Panguva yekuita, chirwere chinofanira kunge chiri mukuregererwa kana kunyatsodzorwa, uye mamiriro emurwere anofanira kunge akadzikama,
• genetic zviratidzo - kana mukadzi ari mutakuri weiyo genetic defect uye kuberekwa kwemwana ane hutano kubva kwaari hazvigoneke mune zvekurapa,
• maererano nezviratidzo zvepfungwa, uku ndiko kudzivirira kwakanyanya kwepamuviri muvakadzi vari mune yakaoma, isingabviri kugadzirisa mamiriro emari.

Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti murwere anyatsoudzwa nezve maitiro e tubal ligation, mabhenefiti, zviratidzo, contraindications uye zvinogona kuitika mushure mekuita kusati kwaitwa panguva yekushanya kwachiremba.

5. Migumisiro ye tubal ligation

Migumisiro ye tubal ligation kushaya mbereko zvachose. Saka, mukadzi asati asarudza nzira iyi, anofanira kufunga kana ane chokwadi chokuti haadi kuita vana. Kubudirira kwe tubal ligation hombe. Iyo nzira, iyo inodzorera patency ye fallopian tubes, inongova 30% inoshanda.

Zvisinei, ziva kuti kana iwe ukava nepamuviri usati waitwa, kune ngozi yakawanda ye ectopic pregnancy. Izvo zvinoitika nhamba kakawanda muvakadzi vaduku vakaitwa nzira, uyewo kune avo vakavhiyiwa vachishandisa nzira ye electrocoagulation ye fallopian tubes. Usati waitwa, unofanira kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira pamuviri, nepamusoro pePearl index (tinokupa zano kuti usashandise nzira yekarenda, zviri nani kushandisa makondomu kana kurega kuita zvepabonde kwenguva pfupi).

Vamwe vakadzi vanotaurawo zvirwere zvedundira mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Kune dzakawanda dzisina nheyo dzenhema pamusoro pemigumisiro ye salpingectomy. Vakadzi vanotya kurasikirwa ne "chikadzi" mushure mekuita, kuderedza libido, kuwedzera uremu hwemuviri. Hapana zvakacherechedzwa zvakasimbisa dzidziso idzi, pane kudaro, vazhinji se80% yevakadzi vanoshuma kushamwaridzana kwakagadziridzwa nemudiwa wavo.

6. Matambudziko mushure mekutub ligation

Tubal ligation inzira yakachengeteka. Sezvauri kuona, mhedzisiro yenguva refu haisisiri yekutyisidzira. Mazhinji mhedzisiro inoitika maererano neiyo nzira pachayo. Pakati pevakadzi 4 kusvika ku12 pa100 salpingectomies inoitwa munyika dzichiri kusimukira vanofa (kubuda ropa, anesthesia complications).

Zvinonyanya kukonzera matambudziko ndezvi:

• zvinokonzeresa anesthesia: allergic reactions kune injected drugs, circulatory uye kufema kusagadzikana (kushandiswa kwenharaunda anesthesia kwakaderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yezvinetso izvi),
• Zvikonzero zvekuvhiya: kukuvadzwa kwemidziyo mikuru uye kubuda ropa kwakabatana kunoda kuvhurwazve kwegomba remudumbu, kukuvadzwa kwedzimwe nhengo, hutachiona uye maronda emaronda.

Dambudziko rakaipisisa rinosangana nelaparoscopy, kutyisidzira kwakakomba kuhupenyu, kukanganisa kwemidziyo mikuru:

• aorta,
• inferior vena cava,
• femoral kana renal midziyo.

6.1. Minilaparotomy

A mini parotomy inzira iyo chiremba anoita incision mumadziro emimba pamusoro pe pubic symphysis. Iyi nzira inotakura njodzi huru yekurwadziwa, kubuda ropa, uye kukuvara kwedundira zvichienzaniswa nelaparoscopy.

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye anesthesia yakabatana nayo, murwere mumwe nomumwe ane kodzero yekunzwa kushaya simba, kusvotwa uye kurwadziwa mudumbu rezasi. Zvisinei, zviratidzo izvi zvinopfuura nokukurumidza zvikuru uye kupora zvakakwana kunoitika mumazuva mashomanana chete.

6.2. Matambudziko mushure mekushandisa nzira yeESSURE

Kushandiswa kweiyi nzira yazvino uno kunobatanidzawo dzimwe njodzi. Izvi zvingave zvine chekuita nemaitiro acho - kukuvadzwa kunhengo yekubereka paunenge uchiisa iyo yekuisa mu fallopian chubhu, kubuda ropa. Mamwe matambudziko mushure mekushandisa nzira yeEssure anosanganisira:

• kubuda ropa kubva kunhengo yesikarudzi,
• pamuviri
• njodzi ye ectopic pregnancy,
• kurwadziwa,
• kugwinha,
• nguva refu inopindirana, kunyanya panguva yekutanga 2 kutenderera,
• kusvotwa
• kurutsa
• kufenda
• allergic reactions kune zvinhu.

7. Kusungirirwa kwemaovari uye mutemo

zverudzi urwu kudzivirira pamuviri inoitwa munyika dzakabudirira zvikuru. MuPoland inobvumirwa kana iri rutivi rwokurapa kana kuti kana mimba yapashure ichizokuvadza zvakakomba utano hwomukadzi kana kuti kuisa upenyu hwake mungozi.

Mukuita, tubal ligation inoitwa apo imwe pamuviri inokonzera kutyisidzira kune hutano kana hupenyu hwemukadzi, uye zvakare kana ichizivikanwa kuti mwana anotevera achava nechirwere chechirwere. Mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu, chiremba haakwanisi kuita nzira yacho kunyange pakukumbira kwakananga kwemurwere.

Usamirira kuona chiremba. Tora mukana wekubvunzana nenyanzvi kubva kumativi ese ePoland nhasi pa abcZdrowie Tsvaga chiremba.